Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics
Volume 27, Issue 3 , Pages 141-154 , March 2004

Degenerative Changes Following Spinal Fixation in a Small Animal Model

  • Gregory D Cramer, DC, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationGregory D. Cramer, DC, PhD, NUHS-Research Dept, 200 E Roosevelt Rd, Lombard, IL 60148
    • Department of Research, National University of Health Sciences, Lombard, Ill.USA
    • ,
  • Jaeson T Fournier, DC, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Department of Research, National University of Health Sciences, Lombard, Ill.USA
    • ,
  • Christopher C Wolcott, DC

      Affiliations

    • Department of Research, National University of Health Sciences, Lombard, Ill.USA
  • Charles N.R Henderson, DC, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Palmer University, Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Davenport, IowaUSA

Received 2 December 2002 ,Revised 4 February 2003

References 

  1. Janse J. In: Principles and practice of chiropractic: an anthology. Wheaton (IL): Kjellberg & Sons, Inc; 1976;p. 55
  2. Mooney V, Robertson J. The facet syndrome. Clin Orthop Res. 1976;115:149–156
  3. Paris S. Anatomy as related to function and pain. Symposium on evaluation and care of lumbar spine problems. Orthop Clin North Am. 1983;14:476–489
  4. Cramer G, Tuck NR, Knudsen JT, Fonda SD, Schliesser JS, Fournier JT, et al.  Effects of side posture positioning and side posture adjusting on the lumbar zygapophysial joints as evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging: a before and after study with randomization. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2000;23:380–394
  5. Cramer GD, Gregerson DM, Knudsen JT, Hubbard BB, Ustas LM, Cantu JA. The effects of side posture positioning and spinal adjusting on the lumbar z joints: a randomized controlled trial of 64 subjects. Spine. 2002;27:2459–2466
  6. Sandoz R. Some physical mechanisms and effects of spinal adjustments. Ann Swiss Chirop Assoc. 1976;6:91–141
  7. Triano JJ. Interaction of spinal biomechanics and physiology. In:  Haldeman S editors. Principles and practice of chiropractic. 2nd ed. Norwalk (CT): Appleton & Lange; 1992;p. 225–257
  8. In:  Goldstein M editors. The research status of spinal manipulative therapy. Bethesda (MD): US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; 1975; NINCDS monograph No. 15
  9. Brennan PC, Cramer GD, Kirstukas SJ, Cullum ME. Basic science research in chiropractic: the state of the art and recommendations for a research agenda. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1997;20:150–168
  10. Henderson CNR, Cramer GD, Zhang Q. In: Development of a reversible small animal model of the chiropractic subluxation. Fifth World Federation of Chiropractic Congress; 1999 May 17-22; Auckland, New Zealand. Toronto: World Federation of Chiropratic; 1999;p. 140–141
  11. Henderson CNR, DeVocht J, Kirstukas SJ, Cramer GD. In: In vivo biomechanical assessment of a small animal model of the vertebral subluxation. Proceedings of the 2000 International Conference on Spinal Manipulation; 2000 September 21-23. Minneapolis, Minn. Des Moines: FCER; 2000;p. 193–195
  12. Cramer G, Fournier JT, Henderson CNR. In: Zygapophysial joint changes following spinal fixation. Proceedings of the 2000 International Conference on Spinal Manipulation; 2000 September 21-23. Minneapolis, Minn. Des Moines: FCER; 2000;p. 85–87
  13. Ghadially F. In: Fine structure of synovial joints. Philadelphia: Butterworth and Company; 1983;p. 280
  14. Motulsky HJ. In: Analyzing data with GraphPad Prism. San Diego: GraphPad Software Inc; 1999;p. 1–379
  15. Engel R, Bogduk N. The menisci of the lumbar Zygapophysial joints. J Anat. 1982;135:795–809
  16. Giles LGF, Taylor JR. Human Zygapophysial joint capsule and synovial fold innervation. Br J Rheumatol. 1987;26:93–98

☆ Supported by a grant (97-10-18) from the National Chiropractic Mutual Insurance Company (NCMIC) and administered by the Foundation for Chiropractic Education and Research (FCER).

PII: S0161-4754(03)00247-1

doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2003.12.025

Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics
Volume 27, Issue 3 , Pages 141-154 , March 2004

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