Translation and Validation of the Danish Version of the Bournemouth Questionnaire
Received 2 June 2004
Abstract
Objective
Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Danish version of the Bournemouth Questionnaire (BQ).
Methods
Translation/retranslation of the English version of the BQ was done blindly and independently by 4 different individuals and adapted by an expert team. The Danish version of the BQ was tested for face validity in a sample of low-back pain (LBP) patients attending 2 chiropractic clinics. Reproducibility was tested using 28 stable LBP patients attending a hospital outpatient back-pain clinic. Finally, the Danish version of the BQ was tested for external construct validity, external longitudinal construct validity, internal consistency, and sensitivity to change against the Danish versions of the SF-36 and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) using 118 first-time LBP patients reporting to 1 of 7 chiropractic clinics.
Results
Minor changes were made after the face-validity test. Intraclass correlation coefficient of the total score for the BQ based on the 2 administrations was 0.96. Satisfactory values for the external construct validity and the external longitudinal construct validity were found using both Pearson r and Bland-Altman plots. Cronbach α's were .89 and .88 for the pretreatment and posttreatment scores, respectively. The Danish version of the BQ showed greater responsiveness than the SF-36 and similar responsiveness when compared with the RMDQ.
Conclusions
The BQ was successfully translated and culturally adapted into Danish. The BQ was successfully tested for validity, consistency, and responsiveness against the Danish version of the SF-36 and RMDQ.
aNordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark
bUniversity of Southern Denmark, Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark
Submit requests for reprints to: Jan Hartvigsen, DC, PhD, Nordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics, Klosterbakken 20, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
This study was funded by the University of Southern Denmark and the Nordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics, Denmark.
ABSTRACT