Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the osseous variation of the axis spinous
process as it may relate to palpation by clinicians.
Methods
Morphologies of the bifid spinous process in the intact dry axis of 121 Chinese adult
were investigated and classified. The angular deflection of the spinous processes,
the bifid spinous processes (the bifid portions of the spinous processes), and the
length of the bifid spinous processes were observed and measured.
Results
The bifid spinous process morphologies were classified into 4 types: inverted-V shape
(n = 49), inverted-U shape (n = 50), M shape (n = 18), and nonbifid spinous processes
(n = 4). The direction of the spinous processes and bifid spinous processes were consistent
because they depended on each other’s direction of deviation. When the correlation
between angular deflection of spinous processes and bifid spinous processes was analyzed,
the right deviations of spinous process specimens (29 cases) showed that angular deflections
of spinous processes were equal to bifid spinous processes and there was no statistically
significant difference seen between them (t = 0.286, P > .05), whereas in the left deviations of spinous process specimens (49 cases), the
angular deflection of spinous processes were not equal in length, but bigger than
the bifid spinous processes, which was statistically significant (t = -3.079, P = .003 < .05).
Conclusion
The anatomical structure of the spinous processes and the bifid spinous processes
vary from one another, but they exhibit some regularity. In clinical spinal manipulation
practice, the anatomical characteristic of the axis should be taken into account during
cervical static palpation, diagnostic imaging, and treatment.
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Article Info
Publication History
Accepted:
May 23,
2018
Received in revised form:
May 19,
2018
Received:
April 6,
2018
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 by National University of Health Sciences.
